Squall: a sudden violent gust of wind or a localized storm, especially one bringing rain, snow, or sleet.

Downwind: in the direction in which the wind is blowing.

Reaching: sail with the wind blowing from the side, or from slightly behind the side, of the ship.

Running:  sail directly before the wind, especially in bad weather.

Beating: sail into the wind, following a zigzag course with repeated tacking.

Tacking: change course by turning a boat's head into and through the wind.